What about peanut deficiency? How to prevent it?

Doing a good job in the prevention and control of pests and diseases is a very important part of the planting process and is of great significance for increasing production. Let's take a look at the peanut deficiency. How to prevent it?

1. Peanut deficiency



When peanut nitrogen is insufficient, the plants are short, the leaves are small and thin, the leaves are yellow, even yellowish white, the branches are few, the pods are small, and the yield is reduced. When the peanut is deficient in nitrogen, the leaves in the lower part of the plant are firstly damaged. Due to the weakening of protein synthesis, the sugar in the plant can be converted into anthocyanins, which cause redness in the base of the old leaves and stems. Once the peanut plants are found to be deficient in nitrogen, they should be sprayed with 2% urea solution or with early-stage fertilization.



2, peanut deficiency of phosphorus



The critical value of phosphorus in peanut plants is 0.2%. Below this value, the symptoms of phosphorus deficiency are obvious. Generally, the growth is slow, the plants are short, the branches are few, the roots are poorly developed, the secondary roots are few, and the leaves are dark green and dull. Due to the accumulation of anthocyanins, red or red lines often appear in the lower leaves and stem bases. Phosphorus deficiency in peanuts can affect flower bud differentiation, small pods, and even deformed fruit can reduce production. In the case of severe phosphorus deficiency, the leaves die and fall off, and some also appear to be late-maturing. Most of the symptoms on the ground begin from the old leaves of the stem base and gradually develop to the upper part. When peanut plants are found to be deficient in phosphorus, they should be sprayed immediately with a 2% to 3% calcium superphosphate solution.



3, peanut deficiency of potassium



When the content of potassium in peanut plants drops below 1%, potassium deficiency is evident. In general, the lack of potassium in peanuts begins with the old leaves of the base of the stem and gradually shifts to the upper part. The leaves of the potassium-deficient peanuts are dark green, the leaves are yellow or brown, and there are yellow spots or plaques between the veins, which gradually expand upward until the leaves fall off or become necrotic. When the peanut is deficient in potassium, the roots are damaged. The roots are short and small, and they are prone to premature aging. In severe cases, the roots rot and the plants fall. After the onset, spray with a quick-acting fertilizer solution such as potassium sulfate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate or spray with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.



4, peanut calcium deficiency



When the peanut is deficient in calcium, the root system is weak, the plant is short, the number of nodules is reduced, the new leaves of the seedling are yellow, and the back of the leaf has white spots. In the case of severe calcium deficiency, the plant turns yellow, the petiole falls off, the top is dead, the root organs cannot form, and the phenomenon of empty fruit, capsule and single fruit is often observed. For soil calcium deficiency, it is easy to cause peanut seed internal injury and produce black germ, and lose the ability to germinate. Calcium deficiency in soil is generally 50 kilograms of slaked lime per acre. After the calcium deficiency of peanut plants, it can be corrected by applying 25~50 kg of cooked lime per acre during the flowering period.



5, peanut iron deficiency



Peanuts are very sensitive to iron. Peanuts are generally iron-deficient, mostly in the leaves and the young leaves are chlorotic, and the veins and lower leaves still retain their original color. In the case of severe iron deficiency, the veins also appear chlorotic, and then yellow, the upper part of the new leaves are white, the lower old leaves still retain the original color, and for a long time, the leaves of the yellowing chlorosis have brown spot necrotic tissue, and even The leaves die. If the symptoms of iron deficiency in peanuts are found, 0.2% to 1% of ferrous sulfate or ammonium ferrous sulfate solution is used for foliar spraying. Generally, it is sprayed once every 7 days and continuously sprayed 3 times.



6, peanut deficiency of boron



Bored boron-deficient peanut plants will have a large number of hollow cotyledons inside the cotyledons. The unfolded heart leaf veins are light in color, the tip of the leaves is yellow, and the old leaves are dark. At the same time, the branches are few, the plants are metamorphosed, clustered, and the plants are short and thin. Moreover, the flowering is less, even without flowers, the growth points of the stems and branches stop growing, the petioles become thicker, the leaves become thicker and red, and finally die. The boron-deficient roots of peanut plants are prone to aging, the roots are less, and the root tips appear black spots, which are easy to die. Generally, the effective boron content of the soil is 0.4 mg/kg, which is the boron deficiency index. For boron-deficient soil, boric acid can be used as base fertilizer to apply 200-300 grams per acre, and the seeds are soaked with 0.02%-0.05% boric acid aqueous solution for 4-6 hours. The plants were sprayed with 0.1% to 0.25% boric acid aqueous solution during the peanut flowering period, and sprayed for 2 to 3 times.



7, peanut deficiency molybdenum



When peanuts are deficient in molybdenum, the nodule is poorly developed, the tumor is small, the tumor is small, the nitrogen fixation ability is weakened, and even nitrogen cannot be fixed. At the same time, the root system is underdeveloped and the plants are short. Moreover, the veins are chlorotic, the old leaves are thicker and waxy. For the molybdenum-deficient soil, ammonium molybdate can be used for seed soaking, seed dressing or foliar spraying. The seed dressing is 0.2%-0.4% of the seed amount, the soaking concentration is 0.1%-0.2%, and the foliar spray concentration is 0.03%-0.06%. The suitable period for foliage spraying is the seedling stage and the flowering down stage.