Quickly prevent these rice pests and diseases

At present, the mid-outer rice in South China and Jiangnan is mature, the late rice is in the tillering to the booting stage; the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the single-season rice in the Jianghuai are in the heading to filling stage, and the single-season rice in the southwest and northeast is in the stage of filling milk ripening. Rice pests and diseases are moderately occurring (Grade 3), among which rice planthopper, rice stem borer, and sheath blight occur moderately (Grade 3), rice leaf roller is mild to moderate (2-3 grade), and rice blast is light Occurs (level 2). Compared with the same period of last year, rice planthopper and rice blast occurred more than the previous year, and rice leaf roller and rice mites were flat with the same period of last year, and sheath blight was lighter than the previous year. According to statistics, the current incidence of rice pests and diseases in the country is 348 million mu, a year-on-year decrease of 0.7%. In the next stage, the southern rice area is moderately warm and less rainy. It is expected that the spread of rice diseases will slow down, and the rice pests will be further aggravated. In particular, the risk of outbreaks of rice planthoppers in the middle and late rice areas of South China and Jiangnan is particularly alarmed.



I. Rice planthopper
In the southern rice area, the rice planthopper occurred in the middle of the rice area (level 3), and the south part of the river occurred in the south (level 4), which was heavier than the previous year; the current area was 89.39 million mu, an increase of 3.7%. Since late August, relatively small insect-inducing peaks have been detected in the southeastern part of the Yangtze River, the northeastern southwestern part, and the northern part of South China. The amount of insects is less than that of the same period of the previous year. According to the monitoring of 250 stations in the National Rice Pest Monitoring Regional Station, the average daily insect trapping rate of rice planthopper single light was 35, a decrease of 28.6% compared with the same period of last year. Among them, the single-day insect trap of brown planthopper single light was 25, accounting for rice planthopper. The average amount of insects was 71.4%, an increase of 16 percentage points over the same period of the previous year. At present, the occurrence of rice planthoppers is characterized by “overall stability and re-segmentation”. The amount of field insects with good control effect of rice planthoppers in South China, Jiangnan middle rice area and southwest single-season rice area is basically controlled below the control index. The amount of worms is generally 450-900 heads, and the amount of field insects with poor leakage or prevention is poor. For the 1500-3000 heads, Hunan Xiangtan, Jiangxi Taihe, Zhejiang Kaihua, Longyou, Jiangshan and other places have more than 10,000 heads of serious fields, and the phenomenon of “wearing through” has increased. The rice planthoppers in the late-season rice fields in South China and Jiangnan continued to rise, with a total of 150-500 insects, 1000-2000 heads high, and 2800 heads in Jiangxi Tunchang. In the single-season rice region of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the amount of peas in the single-season rice area is generally 100-500 heads, and the height is 700-1000 heads. The fields that are leak-proof or poorly controllable along the Yangtze River and the southwest of Anhui Province are as high as 5000-16000 heads, and the highest is more than 20,000 heads. Individual leak prevention fields have been “wearing through”.

Second, rice leaf roller
Rice leaf roller is generally mild to moderate (2-3 grade) in the southern rice region, which is the same as that of the same period of last year; the current area is 74.77 million mu, an increase of 0.5%. Since late August, there have been no obvious moths in the field. The amount of moths in the late rice fields in South China and Jiangnan is generally 40-200 heads, the higher in Jiangxi is 600-1000 heads, the highest in Jiangxi Yifeng is nearly 5000 heads, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Jianghuai single-season rice fields are in the field. The amount of moths gradually decreased, and the amount of moths was generally less than 100 heads. The rivers along Anhui and Huaihe Rivers in Anhui Province were 100-400 heads along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, and the highest in Fengtai, Anhui Province was 895 heads. At present, after effective prevention and control, the amount of larvae in the late rice fields in South China and Jiangnan is generally 200-2500, and the amount of Shaodong and Suxian in Hunan is over 5,000; the rate of leaf rolling is generally 0.1%-3%, and the high is 5.1%-7.8%. The local fields in Wanning and Lingshui in Hainan are as high as 35%. The amount of larval larvae in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Jianghuai single-season rice area is generally 80-200 heads, and the Hubei Huangzhou leak-proof field block is as high as 7,200 heads; the leaf rolling rate is generally less than 1%, and the Hubei Chibi partial leakage prevention field is as high as 57%.

Third, the second
The stem borer occurred in the middle of the Yangtze River in the south of the Yangtze River (level 3), and the central part of Hunan and Xiangdong occurred (level 4), which was close to the same period of the previous year; the current area was 56.36 million mu, a year-on-year decrease of 10.8%. The larvae of the second rice cultivars in the Jiangnan late rice area are generally 300-4500 heads, and the Hunan Anxiang, Shaodong, Longhui and Yixian counties exceed 5,000, Changning City reaches 10063 heads, and some serious fields exceed 20,000 heads. The rate of heart failure caused by damage in the field is generally 0.3%-1.4%, the high is 3%-6.4%; the rate of dry sheath is generally 3%-8.5%, the high is 16%-40%, and the eucalyptus in Jiangxi is as high as 60%. .

Fourth, sheath blight
Sheath blight occurred in the main rice producing areas (Grade 3), lighter than the same period of the previous year; the current area was 105.26 million mu, a decrease of 2.5%. Among them, late rice sheath blight in South China and Jiangnan is in a vertical expansion period, the disease plant rate is generally 2%-8%, the high is 10%-21%; the disease rate is generally 6%-27%, and the high is 30%. -50%, Jiangxi Anfu up to 96%. The disease situation in the single-season rice region in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River tends to be stable, and the local condition of Zhejiang is rising rapidly; the diseased plant rate is generally 5%-10%, the high is 15%-30%; the disease rate is generally 10%-35%, high 40%-70%, Zhejiang Haining, Hubei Zengdu and other places to prevent and control the field up to 100%.

V. Rice blast
Rice blast is generally mild (level 2), southern rice area is lighter than last year, and northern rice area is heavier than last year. Among them, rice leaf mites currently have an area of 13.27 million mu, up 10.7% year-on-year; 4.56 million mu, an increase of 44.3% year-on-year, the increase in area is mainly concentrated in the northeast rice area. According to local monitoring, the diseased leaf rate in the late rice areas of South China and Jiangnan is generally 0.1%-8%, and the high is 12%-26%. The rice blast in the single-season late rice area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is sporadic, the diseased leaf rate of the diseased field is generally 0.2%-5%, and the Hubei Hong'an leakage prevention field is as high as 11.8%; the head and neck stalks are successively manifested, and the diseased field disease rate is Generally, it is 0.1%-2.3%, and the bamboo block in Hubei Province is as high as 11.3%. In the northeast rice region, the panicle neck sputum began to show a large area, and the degree of occurrence was significantly heavier than that of the previous year. The average disease rate in Heilongjiang was 2.61%, and the most serious disease field was as high as 90.5%. According to statistics, the incidence area of Heilongjiang loss rate of more than 70% is 13,000 mu, the loss rate of 30%-70% of the sick area is 39,100 mu, and the loss rate of 5%-30% of the sick area is 119,900 mu, respectively. The area of incidence was 1.09%, 4.33%, and 12.71%.

Sixth, the next stage of the trend
According to the forecast of the Central Meteorological Observatory, there will be no obvious rainfall in the southern rice area in the next 10 days. There are still high temperature weather above 35 °C in parts of Jiangnan and South China, which have certain adverse effects on rice diseases such as rice blast and sheath blight, but the autumn is not cool. The climatic conditions are conducive to the breeding of rice planthoppers, especially in the double-season late rice areas of South China and the south of the Yangtze River, there are 1-2 generations from the harvest, and there is a risk of outbreaks of rice planthoppers. All localities should attach great importance to it, and do a good job of checking and repairing the local conditions according to local conditions, so as to achieve "the autumn grain is not enough for one day, and the prevention and control will not relax for one day", and strive for a bumper harvest of autumn grain.