Main grape producing areas and their characteristics in China

  China has a vast territory and complex topography. From north to south, it spans several climatic zones, such as cold temperate zone, temperate zone, subtropical zone and tropical zone. The complexity of topography is accompanied by the diversity of climate, which provides natural and various types of cultivation areas for the development of grapes. According to the different ecological conditions, China's grape cultivation areas can be divided into:

Main grape producing areas and their characteristics in China

1. Cold Climate Grape Cultivation Areas in Northeast and Northwest China

It mainly includes the mountains north of Shenyang, Inner Mongolia and Northern Xinjiang. The winter climate in this area is very cold, especially in Jilin and Heilongjiang. The absolute minimum temperature in winter is - 30 - 40 (?) C, and the active accumulated temperature in the year of > 10 (?) C is only 2000 - 2500 (?)
In this area, the main grape cultivars in open-field cultivation are early-maturing and early-middle-maturing varieties with strong cold resistance. Jilin, Heilongjiang and Northern Liaoning in this area are also special cultivation areas with mountain grapes as main cultivars in China.

2. Grape Cultivation Areas in North China and Bohai Bay Rim

It includes Changli, Jixian, Tianjin and Jiaodong Peninsula in the northern part of North China. The annual active accumulated temperature is 3756-4174 C, the annual precipitation is 560-670 mm, and the soil types are sandy soil, coastal saline-alkali soil and brown soil.
It is the main producing area of wine grapes in China. The main varieties are Cabernet Sauvignon, Rose Fragrance, Chardonnay, Guiren Fragrance, Cabernet Sauvignon, Snake Dragon Pearl, Merlot, Gali Wine, Baiyu Nei, etc. Wine production accounts for 1/2 of the total national output.

3. Northwest and Loess Plateau Grape Cultivation Areas

It includes the Loess Plateau Areas in the northwest and eastern part of Northwest China and the western part of North China. China has the longest history of grape cultivation and traditional high-quality grape production areas, but also the largest area of grape cultivation in the country at present.
The area has abundant sunshine, mild climate, high annual accumulated temperature, large daily temperature difference, less rainfall, and suitable natural conditions for the development of high-quality grape production. It is the key development area of high-quality grape and wine in China in the future.
According to the climate, the region can be divided into two parts: the development area of dried grapes in Xinjiang, western Gansu and the development area of fresh food and brewing grapes in the Loess Plateau in the eastern part of Northwest China and Western North China. Xinjiang (Turpan, Shanshan) and Gansu (Dunhuang) are the main raisin production bases in China.

4. South subtropical grape cultivation areas in Qinling and Huaihe Mountains

The area south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains is characterized by high temperature, large annual rainfall (800-1500mm) and usually concentrated in July-September. Natural conditions have certain effects on the growth and quality formation of grapes, which were previously considered unsuitable for grape development.
Over the past 10 years, with the strengthening of breeding and introduction of new varieties and the popularization of science and technology, the mega-peak line varieties which are more resistant to humidity and heat have made great progress in the south. The mega-peak line varieties developed in Shanghai, Jinhua, Fujian, Fuzhou and Fuan, Hengyang and Huaihua, Hunan, Chengdu and Guangyuan in Sichuan have achieved good results and formed a new mega-peak line in China. Seed production area.
Studies on rain-shelter cultivation in recent years in Shanghai, Zhejiang and Fujian provinces and cities have shown that Eurasian varieties such as Zana and Rosa can also produce normal results under the condition of simple artificial facilities for rain-shelter.

5. The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Western Sichuan High Altitude Grape Cultivation Areas

The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the western Sichuan Plateau and the valleys along the Jinsha River have complex topography and diverse microclimates. Some of them have abundant sunshine, abundant heat, large daily temperature difference, less rainfall and more showers, less clouds and fog. The annual sunshine is more than 2000 hours, which is also suitable for planting grapes. Mainly cultivated red Ti, Victoria, Cronson, white chicken heart, Summer Black fresh grapes.